Insurance Medicine

Gen Re Risk Insights: Skin Sterol

The measurement of cholesterol in the skin (SC), or "skin sterol," has been put forward as a candidate to eliminate the need for testing blood for lipids and avoiding the inconvenient requirement for examinees to fast prior to the test. This edition of Risk Matters examines the claims for this test and its potential for cardiovascular risk assessment.

Insurance Medicine: The Dr's Report

The slides from Comminsure CMO Dr. Bill Monday’s presentation on May 26, 2010.

Seniors and Surgery: New Study Examines Survival Rates

As the number of seniors continues to grow, more and more surgical operations are being performed on this segment of the population. Johns Hopkins University reports that approximately half of all operations in this country are performed on patients 65 and older. For patients older than 80, the chance of death during the month following a surgical procedure increases by 26 percent.

Now Johns Hopkins is releasing a study conducted with the American College of Surgeons which assesses the frailty of surgical candidates and attempts to predict the likelihood of post-surgical complications, hospital stay length and need for post-operative nursing care.

Osteoarthritis Becoming More Common Among Younger Adults

Intensive sports and exercise at young age may be the cause, experts say.

Mortality Impact of Obesity Said To Be Underestimated

Obesity may have an even greater impact on mortality than anticipated, according to a new method of adjusting for confounding.

Obesity Revisted: RGA ReFlections

Dr. J. Carl Holowaty MD, DBIM revists his September 2005 piece looking at the epidemiological trends relating to obesity, Weighing-In On Obesity, and explores three other important topics: Prostate Cancer and PSA, Viral Hepatitis B and C, and MRSA.

SCOR Focus: Risk and Rheumatology

It is important to know the differences between the different pathologies, as this will help you to assess the risk and offer the most
suitable conditions of acceptance.

SCOR provides an in depth at the pathologies most often encountered in the applications submitted to insurers.

Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves

Receiver operating characteristic curves (ROCs) are a popular way to summarize the resolution power of a diagnostic test. ROCs plot the trade-off between a test's sensitivity and its false positive rate (1- specificity) as the cutoff point that defines a positive test is varied. (Article by David Wesley, Vice President, Medical Research and Development, Transamerica Reinsurance)

Gen Re: Underwriting Focus: Heart Disease

The December 2009 issue covers:

- Mitral Valve Prolapse
- Bicuspid Aortic Valve
- Atrial Fibrillation
- The SCORE Risk Charts - A Critical Assessment
- Heart Disease - Case Examples
- Exceptional Sports in Brief - Shuttlecock and Skiking
- A Look across the Fence - Underwriting in Russia

Obesity Rates Hit Plateau in U.S., Data Suggest

Americans, at least as a group, may have reached their peak of obesity, according to data the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention released recently.

Tests May Reveal Hidden Predictors of Heart Disease

A new approach to analyzing electrocardiograms--a ubiquitous test of the heart's electrical function--could predict who is most likely to die after a heart attack. Researchers at MIT found that measuring how much the shape of the electrical waveform varies from beat to beat identifies high-risk patients better than existing risk factors. If the findings hold up in further clinical trials, the technology could be used to figure out which heart attack patients need the most aggressive treatment.

Changes to Diabetes Monitoring

This Gen Re Risk Matters issues describes the changes to the HbA1c measurement and how underwriters should interpret them.

Technology Review: Simpler Colon Cancer Screening

A new blood test could improve cancer-screening compliance.

Analyzing Cancer Cells to Choose Treatments

Microfluidics chips allow scientists to study circulating cancer cells and determine their vulnerabilities.

Albumin Provides Important Mortality Prognostic Information Population

Heritage Labs' newsletter eEnvoy discusses the mortality associated with albumin and globulin. Using our database of insurance applicants and the Social Security Death Master File, we can measure increases in mortality at levels of albumin and globulin that may surprise many of our readers. The risk rises even before the lowest 2.5th percentile which is the traditional level chosen for a “lower limit of normal”.. We also propose a unique formula to help discern the relationship between albumin and globulin better than the current A/G ratio.

2Q 2009 ROSE Resource (ING Re)

  • Success Beyond Infertility Treatment
  • Cognitive Changes Associated with Chemotherapy
  • Radiology Benefit Management: A Primer for Health Plans
  • When is the Right Time to Treat HIV Infection?
  • Earn CEUs through ING Reinsurance Teleconferences

Underwriting Focus: Hypertension (Gen Re)

Topics covered include:

  • Arterial Hypertension - A Major Risk Factor
  • Hypertension Management through Physical Exercise
  • Blood Pressure and Stress
  • A Look across the Fence - Underwriting in France
  • An Exceptional Sport: Canoe Polo - A Mixture of Various Sports
  • An Exceptional Profession: No False Movement - Sign Language Interpreting
  • Hypertension - Case Examples
  • Seminar Dates

Risk Insights: Contribution of Smoking to Heart Attack Rates (Gen Re)

This article considers the effect smoking bans have had on passive smoking and overall heart attack rates.

QuickStats: Motor-Vehicle Traffic and Poisoning Death Rates, by Age -- US, 2005-2006

From the CDC's MMWR.

Differences in Prevalence of Obesity Among Black, White, and Hispanic Adults -- US, 2006-2008

Obesity is associated with increased health-care costs, reduced quality of life, and increased risk for premature death. Common morbidities associated with obesity include coronary heart disease, hypertension and stroke, type 2 diabetes, and certain types of cancer. As of 2007, no state had met the Healthy People 2010 objective to reduce to 15% the prevalence of obesity among U.S. adults. An overarching goal of Healthy People 2010 is to eliminate health disparities among racial/ethnic populations. To assess differences in prevalence of obesity among non-Hispanic blacks, non-Hispanic whites, and Hispanics, CDC analyzed data from Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) surveys conducted during 2006-2008.

Genetic risk for brain cancer – a glioma called glioblastoma - Science Café - UCSF

UCSF scientists have discovered commonly inherited genetic risks for the deadliest types of brain tumors, marking the first time such a link has been definitively established.

Severe Respiratory Disease Concurrent with the Circulation of H1N1 Influenza

In the spring of 2009, an outbreak of severe pneumonia was reported in conjunction with the concurrent isolation of a novel swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) virus (S-OIV), widely known as swine flu, in Mexico. Influenza A (H1N1) subtype viruses have rarely predominated since the 1957 pandemic. The analysis of epidemic pneumonia in the absence of routine diagnostic tests can provide information about risk factors for severe disease from this virus and prospects for its control. (New England Journal of Medicine)

Alcohol and Suicide Among Racial/Ethnic Populations --- 17 States, 2005--2006

To examine the relationship between alcohol and suicide among racial/ethnic populations, CDC analyzed data from the National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS) for the 2-year period 2005--2006 (the most recent data available).

Trends in Smoking Before, During, and After Pregnancy -- Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS), US, 31 Sites, 2000-2005

The Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) was initiated in 1987 and is an ongoing state- and population-based surveillance system designed to monitor selected maternal behaviors and experiences that occur before, during, and after pregnancy among women who deliver live-born infants in the United States.

CDC - Influenza (Flu) U.S. Map, Summary

Weekly update on seasonal influenza. For H1N1 related news, visit http://www.cdc.gov/swineflu/.

WHO | World Health Organization

You can check out the latest on the global spread of influenza here.

Gen Re Risk Matters: Swine Flu

The latest issue of Risk Matters takes a timely look at the possible impact of the current flu outbreak.

Immune Overhaul for Diabetes

Some diabetics who received a stem-cell transplant do not need insulin injections years later.

Faster, Friendlier Older-Age Underwriting On The Way

With the flowering of “financial services,” life insurers are now seriously questioning the appropriateness of cumbersome, time-consuming and blatantly customer-unfriendly screening tests.

State-Specific Prevalence and Trends in Adult Cigarette Smoking -- US, 1998--2007

To update 2006 state-specific estimates of cigarette smoking, CDC analyzed data from the 2007 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey and examined trends in cigarette smoking from 1998--2007. Results of these analyses indicated substantial variation in current cigarette smoking during 2007.

The Older Age Insurance Market: Cognitive Function Mortality Results

Presentation by Transamerica Reinsurance's David Wylde at the 2009 MUD Group meeting.

Mortality: To Die or Not to Die

Presentation by Rick Bergstrom and Anna Hart at the 2009 MUD Group meeting.

Release of 1999--2005 United States Cancer Statistics Web-Based Report

CDC and the National Cancer Institute (NCI) have combined their cancer incidence data to produce United States Cancer Statistics (USCS): 1999--2005 Incidence and Mortality Data, a web-based report. The report is produced in collaboration with the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries.

The Future Burden of Heart Attack - How Changes inDiagnostic Criteria Affect the Number of Claims Under Critical Illness

From the March 2009 issue of Gen Re's Risk Insights.

Genetics and Insurance Medicine on Handling Genetic Information

From Gen Re's Risk Insights publication.

Cancers of the Urinary Tract

Presentation at 2009 MUD Group meeting.

HCV Revisited

During a recent visit to an insurer’s offices, Heritage was asked “What reflex rules are being used by your clients regarding Hepatitis C? Our internal studies convinced our company to start reflex testing even when the LFT’s are highly normal.” -- February 2009 article by Danny Perkins.

The Compelling Argument for Discontinuing Our Use of Screening Exercise Electrocardiography in Life Underwriting

This new article by Hank George lays waste to the so-called "advantages" of treadmill stress tests and shows why their use should end NOW. They welcome all comments!

Cystatin C: A Excellent new test for Underwriting

Hank George has written a comprehensive research paper on a new test ideally suited for mortality and morbidity risk screening. It will serve well in tandem with NT-proBNP and other blood tests, as an alternative to treadmill ECGs and other slow, costly requirements we currently use.

Heritage Labs Newletter: September 2008

Check out these articles on:

  • Calibrating Mortality Estimates From Insurance Applicants Linked To Mortality Data: How Do We Measure Up?
  • Lipemia, Hemolysis And Things That Go Bump In The Lab
  • A1C And Mortality Implications
  • Results Reported From Plasma

The case for uniform testing of HbA1c in insurance specimens

In the setting of a worldwide increase in obesity and diabetes, reviews the protective value of current testing strategies. In plausible scenarios, shows that choosing uniform testing with HbA1c produces mortality savings that recover testing costs within short durations.

A Hole in the Genome

A small chunk of DNA linked to schizophrenia, mental retardation, and autism may change the way we think about disease.

The Lipid Formula (slang for Friedewald Formula) (Heritage Labs Technical Bulletin)

This Question of the Month came from a client visit where the lipid profile was discussed. The comment expressed was that sometimes all 4 components of the profile are not given, most often the LDL which is sometimes not provided in an APS. When a suggestion was made to use the “lipid formula,” the inquiring underwriter had no knowledge of the formula or how to use it.

Testing for Hepatitis B

Heritage Labs recently had an inquiry concerning the hepatitis B tests offered as part of their reflex panel and the apparent discrepancy with the requirements of certain reinsurers. The case involves a female applicant, age 27, with normal transaminases, and a positive result for hepatitis B surface antigen. Before getting into detail on this case, this technical bulletin recaps the nomenclature for several of the common hepatitis B markers.

Latest Developments in Identifying Cardiac Risk

Heart disease continues to be the leading cause of death for Americans, according to the Centers for Disease Control.1 Fair, inexpensive, and accurate assessment of health risk presents a challenge to all insurance companies. Research in clinical medicine is impacting insurance medicine in new and exciting ways and is transforming how companies assess the cardiac risk of a proposed insured. New laboratory testing evaluating insurance risk profiles will assist in more accurately classifying cardiac risk. It is important, therefore, to review the new and existing laboratory markers that are available in your clients’ cardiac mortality risk.

Munich Re Geneletter 03

In this issue, Munich Re´s Centre of Competence for Biosciences (CoCB) focuses on the development of genetic testing for common diseases and talks to renowned geneticist Prof. Dr. Jens Reich about the predictability and prevention of common diseases. Our doctors also take critical look at other current developments such as the threat of an influenza pandemic. And finally they report on a common neurological disorder that Munich Re has now included in MIRA.

Health Risk Appraisal (The Merck Manual of Geriatrics)

A form of screening to identify persons who are likely to need complex health care, who are at risk of adverse health outcomes, and who will benefit from care management programs.

Smoking-Attributable Mortality, Years of Potential Life Lost, and Productivity Losses -- US, 2000-2004

From the CDC's Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.

Hemoglobin A1c and the Elderly

Homeostasis is either the equilibrium itself or the process through which equilibrium is maintained between various chemical compositions and/or physiologic function in the body. Homeostasis is achieved by what engineers call “negative feedback loops” – sensors detect deviation and trigger corrective forces to bring the system back into equilibrium. There are thousands of such equilibria in the body, and the condition known as frailty in the elderly is thought to result from impaired homeostatic processes. (David Wesley, Vice President, Medical Research and Development)

Setting The Record Straight On Rx Profiles

Recent articles in mainstream publications have raised questions on some quarters regarding the use of Rx (pharmacy) profiles in underwriting.

Does this work to the detriment of the best interests of insurance seekers? The short answer is absolutely not, says Hank George.

Risk-Taking Behavior: Noncompliance with Medical Advice

The October website article by Hank reviews patient noncompliance with routine medical screening and how this is a major risk-taking behavior. It is fully documented from the worldwide medical literature. In this article, Hank argues that both risk-taking behaviors and findings consistent with the "healthy adherer" effect should be included in teleinterviews and used in risk assessments.

Cancer Morbidity

Presentation by Hank George at the SOA Individual and Small Group Health Insurance Underwriting Seminar, September 2008.

Growing Challenge of Obesity in the Insurance Industry

This paper highlights the menace of overweight and obesity which are on the rise. Health care systems and insurance industries are directly affected. Liability claims are on waiting. The food related damage claims are costly. Insurers are therefore driven to find a solution: classify overweight and obesity as a group, adjust their premium to reflect the cost, and justify the classification and the adjustments.

Pancreatic Tumor Marker

At the recent AHOU in Miami, Heritage received both a comment and a question. One inquiring mind made the statement that he had “seen a rash of early duration deaths due to pancreatic cancer. Physicians use a particular test to rule pancreatic cancer in or out; had this test been investigated by Heritage Labs for use as a screening tool?” Danny Perkins responds.

Cocaine Underwriting

Daniel Perkins, JD, FALU writing in Heritage Labs' eNews, August 2008. Part II is at this link: http://www.hooperholmes.com/Skins/Image/HL_Cocaine_UnderwritingII.pdf.

Measuring Mortality Risk with Renal Impairment

From the September 2008 Heritage Labs eNews by David Winsemius, MD, MPH.

Heritage Labs Winter '08 Newsletter

Published in January, this issue covers:

  • Measuring GFR
  • A1c
  • 21st Century Geriatric Medical Underwriting
  • New Tools for Older Age Underwriting

...and more.

Heritage Labs Spring '08 Newsletter

Published in May, this newsletter contains articles on:

  • Tumor Markers
  • New Tools To Predict CHD Risk
  • Optimizing Laboratory Test Performance

...and more.

Diabetes Update

Presentation at the MUD Group meeting in January 2008 by Charles Levy, MD, Chief Medical Director, AIG American General Domestic Life Companies.

Mortality and Advances in Medicine

Presentation by J. Carl Holowaty M.D. at the MUD Group meeting in January, 2008.

Laboratory Testing in the Elderly

Presentation at the MUD Group meeting in January 2008 by Charlotte A. Lee, M.D., FLMI, 21st Services, LLC.

Incidentalomas

Presentation at the MUD Group meeting in January 2008 by Laura Vecchione, MD, Second Vice President and Medical Director, Gen Re LifeHealth.

Understanding Lymphomas

Presentation by Transamerica Reinsurance's Vice President & Chief Medical Director Steven E. Zimmerman M.D., FLMI, CLU at the MUD Group Meeting in January 2008.

Gastrointestinal System - Stomach Disorders

November 2008 GenRe Underwriting Focus looks at:
Gastrointestinal System - Stomach Disorders: Gastric and Duodenal Ulcer Disease / The ABC of Gastritis / Functional (Nonulcer) Dyspepsia / A Look Across the Fence - Underwriting in Singapore / An Exceptional Sport: Speedflying / An Exceptional Occupational Profile: Freefall Photography / Certified Medical Underwriting Specialist (CII) - Graduation 2008 / Seminar Dates / Stomach Disorders - Case Examples.

Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate

By Richard Rougeau, M.D., VP and Chief Medical Officer, Generali USA.

The Case for Watching Your Mouth

The potential for positive medical impact of preventive dental care.

Gen Re Risk Matters Oceania: Evolution of Clinical Heart Attack Definitions

Profiles heart attack cover in critical illness insurance contracts, how wording has evolved in the clinical setting, and illustrats the practical challenges of assessing these insurance claims with a case study.

Gen Re Risk Matters Oceania: Protecting the Right to Underwrite Multiple Sclerosis

Recaps some key findings from evidence based underwriting research Gen Re has completed into multiple sclerosis.

Gen Re Risk Matters: Children's Critical Illness Benefit

Explores the difficulties in analysing and handling Child CI claims and looks at how providers generally manage their risks via benefit design.

Diabetes (Munich American Reinsurance Medletter)

180 million people suffer from diabetes mellitus at the present time. And there will be 300 million by the year 2025, according to World Health Organization estimates. This dramatic increase will also be reflected in the application portfolio of the insurer. It is therefore all the more important to be able to assess the different types of disease and also the early forms of metabolic disorder with respect to the real associated risk. Diabetic complications, HbA1c and urinalysis findings provide reliable information about the long-term prognosis.

Risk-Taking Behavior: Noncompliance with Medical Advice

Hank George reviews patient noncompliance with routine medical screening and how this is a major risk-taking behavior. It is fully documented from the worldwide medical literature. In this article, Hank argues that both risk-taking behaviors and findings consistent with the "healthy adherer" effect should be included in teleinterviews and used in risk assessments.

Highlights from the 2008 Living to 100 Symposium

Changes in longevity, biological perspectives, mortality trends and more.

Laboratory Results and Mortality: Models for Estimated GFR (eGFR)

Presentation by Robert L. Stout, Ph D.

Geriatric Care 2007

Presentation by Angelique Ramirez, MD.

Underwriting Cancers

Presentation by F. Sestier, MD, PhD and A. Naslafkih, MD, PhD.

Could Expanding Longevity Delay Disease?

Some researchers now believe that certain diseases can be postponed simply by slowing down the aging process, says this piece in Contingencies.

Evolution of Critical Heart Attack Definitions

Profiles heart attack cover in critical illness insurance contracts, how wording has evolved in the clinical setting, and illustrates the practical challenges of assessing these insurance claims with a case study.

The Value of New Lab Tests: NTpBNP

This is the first of a Transamerica Reinsurance series of articles on the laboratory and examination components of age and amount requirements. Topics will be chosen on the basis of current interest, whether new tests or simply old tests that are being reconsidered. Sidebars will introduce the mathematical tools that are commonly used to evaluate tests and testing programs.

Hypertension and Combination Therapy (Gen Re)

This article considers the benefits of managing hypertension with combination therapy and what under writers must consider in reviewing applicants that disclose such regimens.

Living to 100: Survival to Advanced Ages International Symposium

Handouts from the Living to 100: Survival to Advanced Ages International Symposium for sessions such as:

  • Distinguishing Health Status For Advanced Ages - Faye S. Albert, John M. Bragg, James C. Brooks, Dr. Bob Gleeson, Steven K. Holland, Ashely Thomas
  • Demographic Implications of Aging Populations Internationally - Robert L. Brown, Roberto Ham–Chande, Steven G. Prus, N. V. Subramanyan
  • Quality of Life of Elderly - Beverly J. Orth, Anna M. Rappaport,Eric Stallard

Gastrointestinal System / Bowel Disorders

Gen Re on Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) / Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) / The Concept of "Scarless" Abdominal Surgery / A Look Across the Fence - Underwriting in Mexico / An Exceptional Sport: Chessboxing - Involving Brains and Brawn / An Exceptional Occupational Profile: Perfumer - In a Frenzy of the Senses.

Syndicate content

Please Register
Registration requirementsREGISTER